Determination of level of pilling in the woven fabric by the Martindale Method.

Pilling is the formation of bunches or balls of tangled fibers, which are held to the surface of a fabric by one or more fibers. The resistance to the formation of pills on the surface of a textile fabric is known as pilling resistance.

Compare the tensile strength of Ring spun and Rotor spun yarns having same count (20s).

Abstract:

In this experiment different properties of ring and rotor spun yarns were compared. The properties studied are breaking work, breaking force, tenacity and elongation of ring and rotor yarns. The yarns used for this experiment both have 10s count. The results showed that the ring spun yarns have good properties then the rotor spun yarns.

To compare the single yarn strength of given sample of yarns having different twists and same count (20s).

Abstract

The strength of a yarn greatly depend upon its twists per unit inch also called TPI. Yarn is simply a strand of fibers. Fibers are joined together to form a yarn. The binding force between the fibers is the twist given to the yarn at the time of spinning. The twist gave the fibers a binding force to make a yarn. This twist is very important for the yarn because it determines many characteristic properties of the yarn like air permeability, moisture absorption, feeling, dye ability and strength.

This experiment is conducted to check the strength of yarn at different twists levels. The yarn twist has an optimum value by-passing which the strength of yarn starts decreasing. This is called the optimum twist. Yarn length also start deceasing by over-twisting.

To compare Tensile Strength and CLSP of different type of yarns having same count (20s).

Abstract:
In this experiment, different types of yarns were studied under the parameters of tensile strength and CLSP. The yarns that were studied in this experiment are 100% cotton yarns, nylon/cotton blended yarns and CVC yarns, all having 20s count. Through the lea method the tensile strength of these yarns were calculated. Results shows us that the nylon/cotton yarns has the highest strength. While the strength of CVC yarns and pure cotton yarns was less than nylon/cotton yarns.

To determine the tenacity of single cotton yarn (20s) and determine its %age elongation.

Abstract:

The tensile testing of single yarns is very important in the textile industry, as yarn coming from the spinning process has to pass through a large amount of loading, unloading, tension and tensionless mechanisms until the final product is made. Hence a yarn with good tensile strength or tenacity can bear all the forces during the textile manufacturing process and our final product will be of good quality.
In this experiment, using USTER TENSORAPID machine the tensile strength or tenacity of the yarn is calculated along its %age elongation. This machine acts on the constant rate of elongation (CRE) principle according to the ASTM committee 1997a. The average tenacity values of a 20s yarn are about 18-20 cN/tex. The tenacity of a yarn depends on two things:

Compare the tensile strength of dry and wet cotton yarns by lea method and calculate their CLSP.

Abstract:

The strength along the length of a body is known as its tensile strength also called linear strength of that body. In the textile fibers or yarns only tensile strength is calculated due to high length to width ratio of the textile materials. The tensile strength values of the dry and wet cotton yarns varies very much from each other. The strength of wet cotton yarns is greater than that of dry cotton yarns. This is due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the water molecules and the hydroxyl groups in the cellulosic rings of the cotton fibers in the wet state. There is one phenomenon known to stand that when the cotton gets wet its crystalline region increases hence the strength of the fibrous structure increases.

Testing Instruments for Tensile Properties of Fibers and Fabric

Methods of Tensile Testing of Textiles

I.    Constant Rate of Elongation (CRE)

Constant rate of elongation tests are tests used to determine the strength of textile materials. In constant rate of elongation tests, the specimen is extended at a constant rate and the force is a dependent quantity.
It is possible in constant rate of elongation tests for load to decrease while elongation increases.

II.    Constant Rate of Loading (CRL)

Constant rate of loading tests are tests used to determine the strength of textile materials. In constant rate of loading (CRL) tests, the specimen is loaded at a constant rate and the elongation is a dependent quantity.
It is not possible in constant rate of loading tests for load to decrease. Load must increase all the time.